The first issues to consider in selecting a research design are the ethical ones. If a particular research design results in unethical procedures, a violation of people’s rights and dignity, or a denial of services that otherwise would be available, then the design should be modified or abandoned, regardless of the effect this may have on reliability, validity, time, funds, and available personnel. Indeed, if it is not possible to do an ethical study, then the study should not be done. This point cannot be compromised. Most OR study proposals, particularly those that deal with sensitive HIV issues, need to be sent to your organization’s Institutional Review Board (IRB). The IRB will review the proposal to make sure that ethical issues are handled correctly and that the study procedures meet all the legal requirements necessary to conduct research. If your organization does not have an IRB, it is important that you send your proposal to respected individuals who are capable of reviewing it for ethical and legal issues.