Overview
In Tanzania, the Population Council's Horizons program studied how violence and HIV affect the lives of women and determine choices regarding whether they disclose their HIV status to their partners. Council research has also studied the quality of support to orphans and vulnerable children and their families and the quality of postabortion care in rural Tanzania. Currently, Council researchers are studying health voucher programs in Tanzania and other countries in East Africa and South Asia and sharing findings with national and global partners.
Highlights of past and present work
- Undertaking a series of public health evaluations of a number of health voucher programs in East Africa and South Asia to generate evidence that can help governments and partners decide whether to scale up these programs, include additional services, or support their transition to a different business model, such as social health insurance.
- Assessed the Community-Based Orphan Care, Protection and Empowerment (COPE) project, which provides support to orphans and vulnerable children and their families and aims to strengthen the capacity of families and children to meet their own needs.
- Investigated the attitudes and experiences related to partner violence and HIV serostatus disclosure of women who seek voluntary counseling and testing (VCT). Based on the findings from this study, a three-year follow-on study was conducted in Dar es Salaam to evaluate a community-based intervention for young men that sought to change attitudes and behaviors related to partner violence, relationships, and HIV and AIDS.
- Documented the introduction of postabortion care services at several rural health facilities, demonstrating that rural facilities have the infrastructure to provide PAC services.
Banner photo: © 2007 Peter Verbiscar-Brown, courtesy of Photoshare
Projects
Building an Evidence Base to Delay Marriage in Sub-Saharan Africa (more)
Working with partners in Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda, the Council is testing alternative approaches to delaying marriage in child marriage "hotspots" in East Africa.
(10/2010 - 9/2015)
Child marriage
Evaluating Voucher-and-Accreditation Interventions to Improve Reproductive Health Service Delivery Business Models (more)
The Population Council is studying health voucher programs in East Africa and South Asia and sharing findings with national and global partners.
(11/2008 - 10/2013)
Health care financing; Strengthening health systems
Moving Forward: Tackling Stigma in a Tanzanian Community (more)
Council researchers with the Horizons program evaluated a community-based effort to reduce stigma in a peri-urban community and re-tested a set of stigma indicators from a prior field test in Tanzania to see how they performed over time.
(12/2005 - 5/2007)
Stigma and discrimination
Reducing HIV Risk Through Violence Prevention with Young Men in Tanzania (more)
Council researchers evaluated a community-based intervention for young men that aimed to change attitudes and behaviors related to partner violence, relationships, and HIV and AIDS in Tanzania.
(4/2003 - 3/2007)
Behavior change; Sexual and gender-based violence
Resources
Increasing opportunities to delay marriage and promote schooling: Results from a baseline survey in rural Tanzania (PDF)Muthengi-Karei,Eunice; Erulkar,Annabel S.
Publication date: 2012
Rape sentencing study: A review of statutory sentencing provisions for rape, defilement, and sexual assault in East, Central, and Southern Africa (PDF)
Thompson,Jill; Simmonds,Felly Nkweto
Publication date: 2012
Equity in access to maternal and child health services in five developing countries: What works (abstract)
Talukder,Md.Noorunnabi; Rob,Ubaidur
International Quarterly of Community Health Education 31(2): 119-131
Publication date: 2010
Looking back, moving forward: Promoting gender equity to fight HIV, Horizons studies 1999 to 2007 (PDF)
Pulerwitz,Julie; Michaelis,Annie P.; Weiss,Ellen
Horizons Synthesis Background Papers
Publication date: 2010
Looking back, moving forward: Reducing HIV-related stigma, Horizons studies 2000 to 2007 (PDF)
Pulerwitz,Julie; Michaelis,Annie P.; Weiss,Ellen; Brown,Lisanne; Mahendra,Vaishali Sharma
Horizons Synthesis Background Papers
Publication date: 2010
RH vouchers newsletter, August 2010 (PDF)
Population Council
Publication date: 2010
RH vouchers newsletter, March 2010 (PDF)
Population Council
Publication date: 2010
Adolescent experience in-depth: Using data to identify and reach the most vulnerable young people (HTML)
Series of 51 data guides by country
Publication date: 2009
Adolescent experience in-depth: Using data to identify and reach the most vulnerable young people--Tanzania 2004 (PDF) (HTML)
Publication date: 2009
Reproductive health vouchers news, December 2009
Population Council
Publication date: 2009
Moving forward: Tackling stigma in a Tanzanian community
(PDF)
Nyblade,Laura; MacQuarrie,Kerry; Kwesigabo,Gideon; Jain,Aparna; Kajula,Lusajo; Philip,Fausta; Tibesigwa,William Henerico; Mbwambo,Jessie K.
Horizons Final Report
Publication date: 2008
Assessing the feasibility, acceptability and cost of introducing postabortion care in health centres and dispensaries in rural Tanzania (PDF)
Wanjiru,Monica; Askew,Ian; Mungiita,Nzoya; RamaRao,Saumya; Homan,Rick; Kahando,Reheme; Pile,John M.
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2007
Skinning the goat and pulling the load: Transactional sex among youth in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (abstract)
Maganja,R.K.; Maman,Suzanne; Groves,Allison; Mbwambo,Jessie K.
AIDS Care 19(8): 974-981
Publication date: 2007
Kutibu majeraha, kutia matumaini: Ushirikiano wa watanzania dhidi ya fistula obstetrikia (PDF)
Chong,Erica; Obaid,Thoraya Ahmed
Quality/Calidad/Qualité (no. 16)
Publication date: 2005
Exploring the association between HIV and violence: Young people's experiences with infidelity, violence and forced sex in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (abstract) (PDF)
Lary,Heidi; Maman,Suzanne; Katebalila,Maligo; McCauley,Ann P.; Mbwambo,Jessie K.
International Family Planning Perspectives 30(4): 200-206
Publication date: 2004
Guérir les blessures, faire naître l'espoir: Le partenariat tanzanien contre la fistule obstétricale (PDF)
Obaid,Thoraya Ahmed; Chong,Erica
Quality/Calidad/Qualité (no. 16)
Publication date: 2004
Healing wounds, instilling hope: The Tanzanian partnership against obstetric fistula (PDF)
Chong,Erica; Obaid,Thoraya Ahmed
Quality/Calidad/Qualité (no. 16)
Publication date: 2004
New findings from intervention research: Youth reproductive health and HIV prevention (PDF)
Publication date: 2004
Evaluation of United Nations-supported pilot projects for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: Overview of findings (PDF)
Rutenberg,Naomi; Baek,Carolyn; Kalibala,Sam; Rosen,James
HIV/AIDS Working Paper
Publication date: 2003
High rates and positive outcomes of HIV-serostatus disclosure to sexual partners: Reasons for cautious optimism from a voluntary counseling and testing clinic in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (abstract)
Maman,Suzanne; Mbwambo,Jessie K.; Hogan,Nora M.; Weiss,Ellen; Kilonzo,Gad P.; Sweat,Michael D.
AIDS and Behavior 7(4): 373-382
Publication date: 2003
Programme recommendations for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: A practical guide for managers (PDF)
Rutenberg,Naomi; Kalibala,Sam; Baek,Carolyn; Rosen,James
HIV/AIDS Working Paper
Publication date: 2003
Selected DHS data on 10-14-year-olds (HTML)
Annexes by country to Facts about Adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey: Statistical Tables for Program Planning
Publication date: 2003
Selected DHS data on 10-14-year-olds: Tanzania (PDF) (HTML)
Annex to "Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey: Statistical tables for program planning"
Publication date: 2003
The impact of the AIDS epidemic on the health of older persons in Northwestern Tanzania (abstract)
Ainsworth,Martha; Dayton,Julia
World Development 31(1): 131-148
Publication date: 2003
Comparison of HIV prevalences in community-based and antenatal clinic surveys in rural Mwanza, Tanzania (abstract)
Changalucha,John; Grosskurth,Heiner; Mwita,Wambura; Todd,James; Ross,David; Mayaud,Philippe; Mahamoud,Abdul; Klokke,Arnoud; Mosha,Frank; Hayes,Richard; Mabey,David
AIDS 16(4): 661-665
Publication date: 2002
Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey--Statistical tables for program planning: Tanzania 1999 (PDF) (HTML)
Publication date: 2002
Herpes simplex virus type 2 infection increases HIV incidence: A prospective study in rural Tanzania (abstract)
del Mar Pujades Rodriguez,Maria; Obasi,Angela; Mosha,Frank; Todd,James; Brown,David; Changalucha,John; Mabey,David; Ross,David; Grosskurth,Heiner; Hayes,Richard
AIDS 16(3): 451-462
Publication date: 2002
HIV-positive women report more lifetime partner violence: Findings from a voluntary counseling and testing clinic in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (abstract) (PDF)
Maman,Suzanne; Mbwambo,Jessie K.; Hogan,Nora M.; Kilonzo,Gad P.; Campbell,Jacquelyn C.; Weiss,Ellen; Sweat,Michael D.
American Journal of Public Health 92(8): 1331-1337
Publication date: 2002
Incidence of HIV infection in stable sexual partnerships: A retrospective cohort study of 1,802 couples in Mwanza Region, Tanzania (abstract)
Hugonnet,Stephane; Mosha,Frank; Todd,James; Mugeye,Kokugonza; Klokke,Arnoud; Ndeki,Leonard; Ross,David; Grosskurth,Heiner; Hayes,Richard
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 30(1): 73-80
Publication date: 2002
Investigating links between HIV and partner violence (PDF)
Population Briefs, Spring 2002 (HIV/AIDS edition)
Publication date: 2002
Investigating links between HIV and partner violence [Arabic] (PDF)
Population Briefs, Spring 2002 (HIV/AIDS edition)
Publication date: 2002
New book documents transformations in reproductive health programs worldwide (PDF)
Population Briefs 8(2)
Publication date: 2002
STD/HIV intervention and research programme Mwanza Region, NW Tanzania (abstract)
Changalucha,John; Gavyole,Awena; Grosskurth,Heiner; Hayes,Richard; Mabey,David
Sexually Transmitted Infections 78(suppl 1): i91-i96
Publication date: 2002
The elderly and AIDS: Coping strategies and health consequences in rural Tanzania (PDF)
Dayton,Julia; Ainsworth,Martha
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 160)
Publication date: 2002
Tools and training strengthen African AIDS groups (PDF)
Population Briefs, Spring 2002 (HIV/AIDS edition)
Publication date: 2002
Translating HIV/AIDS research findings into policy: Lessons from a case study of 'the Mwanza trial' (abstract)
Philpott,Anne; Maher,Dermot; Grosskurth,Heiner
Health Policy and Planning 17(2): 196-201
Publication date: 2002
Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey: Statistical tables for program planning (HTML)
Series of DHS data tables by country
Publication date: 2001
Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey--Statistical tables for program planning: Tanzania 1996 (PDF) (HTML)
Publication date: 2001
HIV and partner violence: Implications for HIV voluntary counseling and testing (PDF)
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2001
HIV and partner violence: Implications for HIV voluntary counseling and testing programs in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (PDF)
Maman,Suzanne; Mbwambo,Jessie K.; Hogan,Margaret; Kilonzo,Gad P.; Sweat,Michael D.; Weiss,Ellen
Horizons Final Report
Publication date: 2001
The interrelation of HIV, cervical human papillomavirus, and neoplasia among antenatal clinic attenders in Tanzania (abstract)
Mayaud,Philippe; Gill,Dilbinder K.; Weiss,Helen A.; Uledi,Evelyn; Kopwe,Lilian; Todd,James; ka-Gina,Gina; Grosskurth,Heiner; Hayes,Richard; Mabey,David; Lacey,Charles J.
Sexually Transmitted Infections 77(4): 248-254
Publication date: 2001
Community-based distribution in Tanzania: Costs and impacts of alternative strategies to improve worker performance (abstract) (PDF)
Janowitz,Barbara; Chege,Jane; Thompson,Andrew; Rutenberg,Naomi; Homan,Rick
International Family Planning Perspectives 26(4): 158-160, 193-195
Publication date: 2000
Child mortality in East Africa: The impact of preventive health care
Brockerhoff,Martin
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 76)
Publication date: 1995
Community-based AIDS prevention and care in Africa. Case studies from five African countries
Community-Based AIDS Prevention and Care in Africa, Building on Local Initiatives
Publication date: 1994
Using situation analysis data to assess the functioning of family planning clinics in Nigeria, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe (abstract)
Mensch,Barbara S.; Fisher,Andrew A.; Askew,Ian; Ajayi,Ayorinde
Studies in Family Planning 25(1): 18-31
Publication date: 1994
Tanzania Fast Facts
| Population (millions) | 47.7 |
|---|---|
| Total fertility rate | 5.4 |
| Infant deaths per 1,000 live births | 51 |
| Maternal deaths per 100,000 live births | 790 |
| Girls aged 20-24 married by age 18 (%) | 36.9 |
| HIV/AIDS prevalence (%) | 5.6 |
| Living below US $2 per day (%) | 88 |
Country statistics from Demographic and Health Surveys, 1987–2011; UNAIDS and UNICEF websites (accessed 10/22/2012); "World Population Data Sheet" (Population Reference Bureau, 2012) | |
What's New
- "Sometimes, all that stands between a survivor and the help she needs are a few simple questions." The Council’s Chi-Chi Undie discusses intimate partner violence in Africa in a blog post on RH Reality Check. (offsite link)
- 31 January 2013 | Bixby fellowship application deadline: The Council’s Fred H. Bixby Fellowship Program expands training opportunities for social scientists and biomedical researchers in the health and population fields. The program is geared toward developing-country nationals in the early stages of their careers. (more)
- Learn more about reproductive health vouchers by visiting the RH vouchers project page and blog maintained by Council program associate Ben Bellows. (more) (offsite link)
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