Abstract
HIV-1 gp120 induces NFAT nuclear translocation in resting CD4+ T-cells
Cicala,Claudia; Arthos,James; Censoplano,Nina; Cruz,Catherine C.; Chung,Eva; Martinelli,Elena; Lempicki,Richard A.; Natarajan,Ven; Van Ryk,Donald; Daucher,Marybeth; Fauci,Anthony S.
Virology 345(1): 105-114
Publication date: 2006
The replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in CD4+ T-cells is strongly dependent upon the state of activation of infected cells. Infection of sub-optimally activated cells is believed to play a critical role in both the transmission of virus and the persistence of CD4+ T-cell reservoirs. There is accumulating evidence that HIV can modulate signal-transduction pathways in a manner that may facilitate replication in such cells. We previously demonstrated that HIV gp120 induces virus replication in resting CD4+ T cells isolated from HIV-infected individuals. Here, we show that in resting CD4+ T-cells, gp120 activates NFATs and induces their translocation into the nucleus. The HIV LTR encodes NFAT recognition sites, and NFATs may play a critical role in promoting viral replication in sub-optimally activated cells. These observations provide insight into a potential mechanism by which HIV is able to establish infection in resting cells, which may have implications for both transmission of HIV and the persistence of viral reservoirs.
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