Population Council Research that makes a difference

Studies in Family Planning

December 2012, Vol. 43, No. 4

Articles

• The Effectiveness of Youth Centers in Increasing Use of Sexual and Reproductive Health Services: A Systematic Review / Maria A. Zuurmond, Rebecca S. Geary, and David A. Ross
  
  This study presents findings from a systematic review of the evidence regarding the effectiveness of youth centers in increasing use of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services in lower- and middle-income countries. Evidence from peer-reviewed and gray literature between 1990 and 2010 was reviewed. After the screening of 3,769 citations, 21 studies reporting on 17 youth center programs were included, and were ranked by strength of evidence. Considerable consistency in findings across studies was observed. Youth centers generally served a relatively small proportion of young people living nearby. The main users were young men attending school or college, with a significant proportion older than the target age. Users of the on-site SRH services were predominantly young women, with a significant proportion older than the target age group. Uptake of services was generally low. Despite widespread emphasis on youth centers as a strategy for encouraging young people to access SRH services, results from these studies have not been encouraging, and cost-effectiveness for these purposes is likely to be low. (Studies in Family Planning 2012; 43[4]: 239–254) (offsite link*)
  
  
• A Framework for Analyzing the Determinants of Obstetric Fistula Formation / L. Lewis Wall
  
  Obstetric fistula, a devastating complication of prolonged obstructed labor, was once common in the Western world but now occurs almost exclusively in resource-poor countries. Although much has been written about the surgical repair of obstetric fistulas, prevention of fistulas has garnered comparatively little attention. Because obstetric fistulas result from obstructed labor (one of the common causes of maternal death in impoverished countries), this study assesses the obstetric fistula problem using a framework originally developed to analyze the determinants of maternal mortality. The framework identifies and explicates three sets of determinants of obstetric fistulas: the general socioeconomic milieu in which such injuries occur (the status of women, their families, and their communities); intermediate factors (health, reproductive status, and use of health care resources); and the acute clinical factors that determine the ultimate outcome of any particular case of obstructed labor. Interventions most likely to work rapidly in fistula prevention are those that have a direct impact on acute clinical situations, but these interventions will only be effective when general socioeconomic and cultural conditions promote an enabling environment for health care delivery and use. Sustained efforts that impact all three levels of determining factors will be necessary to eradicate obstetric fistula. (Studies in Family Planning 2012; 43[4]: 255–272) (offsite link*)
  
  
• Factors Associated with Abortion-Seeking and Obtaining a Safe Abortion in Ghana / Aparna Sundaram, Fatima Juarez, Akinrinola Bankole, and Susheela Singh
  
  

  Although Ghana’s abortion law is fairly liberal, unsafe abortion and its consequences remain among the largest contributors to maternal mortality in the country. This study analyzes data from the 2007 Ghana Maternal Health Survey to identify the sociodemographic profiles of women who seek to induce abortion and those who are able to obtain safe abortion services. We hypothesize that women who have access to safe abortion will not be distributed randomly across different social groups in Ghana; rather, access will be influenced by social and economic factors. The results confirm this hypothesis and reveal that the women who are most vulnerable to unsafe abortions are younger, poorer, and lack partner support. The study concludes with policy recommendations for improving access to safe abortion for all subgroups of women, especially the most vulnerable. (Studies in Family Planning 2012; 43[4]: 273–286) (offsite link*)

• What Works to Prevent Child Marriage: A Review of the Evidence / Susan Lee-Rife, Anju Malhotra, Ann Warner, and Allison McGonagle Glinski
  
  This article reviews 23 child marriage prevention programs carried out in low-income countries and employing a range of programmatic approaches and evaluation strategies. We document the types of child marriage programs that have been implemented, assess how they have been evaluated, describe the main limitations of these evaluations, summarize the evaluation results, and make recommendations to improve future prevention efforts. The evidence suggests that programs offering incentives and attempting to empower girls can be effective in preventing child marriage and can foster change relatively quickly. Methodological limitations of the reviewed studies, however, underscore that more needs to be learned about how the programs prevent child marriage and whether impact is sustained beyond program implementation. (Studies in Family Planning 2012; 43[4]: 287–303) (offsite link*)
  
  
• Impact of a Provider Job Aid Intervention on Injectable Contraceptive Continuation in South Africa / Joy Noel Baumgartner, Chelsea Morroni, Regina Dlakulu Mlobeli, Conrad Otterness, Geoffrey Buga, and Mario Chen
  
  Arriving late for scheduled contraceptive reinjections is common in many countries and contributes to discontinuation when providers are unsure how to manage such clients. A clinic-randomized cohort and cross-sectional study with more than 5,000 clients using injectable contraceptives was conducted in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa to test the effectiveness of a provider job aid for managing late-returning clients and promoting continued use of the method. A marginally significant difference in reinjection rates between intervention and control groups was found for those up to two weeks late, and reanalysis excluding one clinic that experienced stockout issues revealed a significant difference. The difference in reinjection rates for those 2–12 weeks late was also found to be significant. The one reinjection cycle continuation rate for the intervention group was higher than that for the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Appropriate management of late-returning clients is critical, and this study illustrates that reinjection rates can be significantly increased with a low-resource provider job aid. (Studies in Family Planning 2012; 43[4]: 305–314) (offsite link*)
  
  

Data (Studies in Family Planning 2012; 43[4]: 315–326)

• Armenia 2010: Results from the Demographic and Health Survey (offsite link*)
• Senegal 2010–11: Results from the Demographic and Health Survey (offsite link*)

Book Review (Studies in Family Planning 2012; 43[4]: 327–329)

• Religion and AIDS in Africa / Jenny Trinitapoli and Alexander Weinreb (offsite link*)
  Reviewed by Jennifer Johnson-Hanks
  
  
  

* Journal subscribers will be able to access a PDF of the article online; nonsubscribers will be given access after paying a fee.

 

To read abstracts or search contents of previous volumes, visit Wiley Online Library (volumes 30–43, 1999–2012) or JSTOR (volumes 1–40, 1963–2009).

 

Studies in Family Planning

Cumulative Index
Volumes 22–42, 1991–2011

A cumulative index to SFP is available in a PDF file. The PDF file includes a list of contents by author and subject.

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To search contents of previous volumes, visit Wiley Online Library (volumes 30–42, 1999–2011) or JSTOR (volumes 1–40, 1963–2009).

 

Studies in Family Planning

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Studies in Family Planning

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Studies in Family Planning
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