Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) is a pervasive global health problem rooted primarily in the context of women’s and girls’ subordinate status in society. The acts of violence are most commonly committed by men and are manifest as: (1) domestic and intimate partner violence; (2) sexual violence; and (3) harmful traditional practices, including female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) and child marriage. Among the many forms of violence against women and girls, sexual violence poses significant risks to their health, including physical injuries, psychological trauma, unwanted pregnancy, and sexually transmitted infections, including HIV.
Population Council focus
The Council addresses SGBV from several perspectives:
- understanding the social, economic, political, and physical context of violence;
- strengthening and integrating health and other services to provide a comprehensive response to the needs of survivors; and
- supporting and evaluating efforts to prevent violence, including creating safe spaces and enhancing the protective aspects of education for adolescent girls, and working with men and boys and with community-level groups.
Population Council impact
- The Council supports and coordinates a network of more than 20 partners in nine African countries that is dedicated to strengthening services for people who have experienced sexual and gender-based violence. Network members undertake research to develop, test, and evaluate service-delivery options for meeting the medical and legal needs of sexual violence survivors and provide south-to-south technical assistance to strengthen the nascent policies and programs in each country.
- In South Africa, the Council collaborated with the Department of Health in Free State Province to convene the country’s first national symposium on child sexual assault.
- Through technical assistance to the Hanoi Health Department in Vietnam, the Council is developing and introducing a tool to help health workers screen for domestic violence and to support survivors through providing or referring them for services. Between 2007 and 2009, 67,970 women visitors were screened for SGBV at Duc Giang, and provider knowledge of psychological violence as a punishable behavior increased by 22 percent between 2005 and 2009.
- Adolescent girls’ safe spaces projects have effectively provided culturally acceptable and protective physical spaces as a platform for girls’ programming. The Ishraq ("Sunrise") program in Egypt began in 2001 in four communities to delay marriage by encouraging formal school attendance for 278 girls; today, the program has expanded to serve 1,800 out-of-school girls in 30 new rural communities in three new governorates. Similarly, in Ethiopia, over 17,000 out-of-school girls have benefited from Biruh Tesfa; the program is now being scaled up to 12 additional cities in Ethiopia, and mentors are creating groups for younger girls, aged 7–9.
- Changing the social norms of men in the community also is critical. In Amhara, Ethiopia, the Addis Birhan ("New Light") project is successfully changing gender norms at the village level. Nearly 30,000 men have participated, and the project was recently expanded to 11 new project sites where 33 male mentors have been recruited and trained. Reports from both men and women have demonstrated reduced violence in the intervention sites.
Projects
Malawi Schooling and Adolescent Study (more)
This six-round longitudinal study aims to identify critical aspects of school quality that put adolescents who face the dual challenges of poverty and HIV/AIDS on a safer, healthier, and more productive path to adulthood. Our research seeks to uncover those aspects of schooling that will lead to more protective behaviors and lower HIV risk among young men and women.
(1/2007 - 4/2015)
Malawi
Addressing Sexual and Reproductive Rights and Violence against Adolescent Girls and Women in Urban Bangladesh (more)
The Growing Up Safe and Healthy (SAFE) project seeks to provide context-specific strategies for vulnerable adolescents to build their social and health assets, with the eventual goal of improving their lifelong functional capabilities and well-being.
(11/2010 - 10/2014)
Bangladesh
Addis Birhan: Fostering Husbands’ Involvement and Support in Amhara Region, Ethiopia (more)
Addis Birhan promotes HIV prevention by changing social norms and promoting gender-equitable relationships through educating and engaging husbands in issues related to reproductive health, including HIV prevention, family planning, gender violence, alcohol and drug abuse, and domestic responsibilities.
(1/2007 - 12/2013)
Ethiopia
Meserete Hiwot: Supporting Married Adolescent Girls in Rural Ethiopia to Prevent HIV Infection and Promote Reproductive Health
Meserete Hiwot ("Base of Life") addresses the social isolation of married adolescents and builds their knowledge and skills in HIV and reproductive health through community-based mentoring sessions.
(1/2007 - 12/2013)
Ethiopia
Community Mobilization for Preventive Action (COMPACT) (more)
Council researchers are developing and determining the feasibility of "community compacts" as an innovative approach to prevent HIV in Zambian communities.
(7/2010 - 7/2013)
Zambia
Developing a Multisectoral and Comprehensive Response to Sexual and Gender-based Violence in East and Southern Africa (more)
The Council is working to alleviate sexual and gender-based violence in seven sub-Saharan African countries.
(8/2006 - 12/2012)
Africa, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Senegal, South Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Our Girls, Our Future: Building Synergy to End Violence Against Girls in Zambia (more)
By creating safe spaces for adolescent girls in Lusaka, Zambia, the Council is part of a coalition that is helping to build girls' social, health, and economic assets in order to prevent sexual and gender-based violence.
(2/2010 - 12/2012)
Zambia
Assessing the Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs and Experiences of Indigenous Youth in Oaxaca (more)
Drawing on lessons from safe spaces programs in other countries, Council researchers will assess the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs of indigenous youth in Oaxaca and pilot a youth empowerment project to improve their SRH, gender equity, and leadership skills.
(1/2009 - 12/2011)
Mexico
Reducing HIV Among At-risk Wives in India (RHANI Wives Project) (more)
Council researchers are developing an intervention exclusively for married Indian women to build their negotiation skills with husbands who practice high-risk behaviors.
(4/2009 - 6/2011)
India
Ethiopia Youth and Gender Survey
The Ethiopia Youth and Gender Survey was a study of adolescents and women in urban and rural areas of seven regions of Ethiopia. The sample included nearly 20,000 respondents and contributes to greater understanding of the situation of youth and women in the country.
(5/2009 - 11/2010)
Ethiopia
Special Initiative on Sexual and Gender-based Violence (more)
The Population Council led a pre-intervention assessment to evaluate health provider readiness to provide clinical sexual violence services, and discovered that providers are ill-equipped to provide care despite their willingness and knowledge of the issues.
(10/2009 - 11/2010)
Rwanda, Uganda
Improving Access to and Delivery of Comprehensive Post-exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) for Sexual Assault and Occupational PEP Through Training and Systems Strengthening (more)
Council staff in South Africa are improving access to post-rape care for child and adult survivors of sexual assault as well as occupational PEP for health and emergency care workers on a national scale, in a continuing effort to provide comprehensive post-rape care management and prevent unwanted pregnancies, HIV, and other infections.
(2/2010 - 9/2010)
South Africa
Traditional Leaders' Response to Sexual and Gender-based Violence in South Africa (more)
Population Council researchers are further investigating the potential of traditional leaders in South African communities to advocate for and initiate prevention and management interventions for victims of sexual and gender-based violence.
(5/2009 - 2/2010)
South Africa
Developing an Integrated Model for Post-rape Care and HIV Post-exposure Prophylaxis in Rural South Africa (more)
The Council partnered with the South African Department of Health, the University of the Witwatersrand, and the Tshwaranang Legal Advocacy Centre to test a nurse-led integrated delivery model for post-rape care in a rural district-level hospital.
(3/2003 - 1/2010)
South Africa
Improving the Health Care Response to Gender-based Violence in Vietnam (more)
The Population Council is continuing community- and hospital-based interventions to address gender-based violence in Vietnam.
(1/2005 - 10/2009)
Vietnam
Africa Regional Sexual and Gender-based Violence Network (more)
The Population Council is providing technical assistance to a PEPFAR initiative to strengthen the delivery of comprehensive services, including postexposure prophylaxis, to victims of sexual violence.
(8/2006 - 12/2008)
Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, Senegal, South Africa, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Assessment of Gender-based Violence in Kenya's North Eastern Province (more)
A qualitative assessment of gender-based violence among the Somali population in Wajir District in North Eastern Kenya identified a critical need for, and possible components of, a comprehensive and culturally appropriate model for the prevention and management of sexual and gender-based violence.
(1/2008 - 12/2008)
Kenya
Comprehensive Care for Survivors of Sexual Violence in Zambia (more)
This study uses the introduction of emergency contraception (EC) as a catalyst for increasing sexual assault survivors’ access to a broad spectrum of health, forensic, legal, and psychosocial services.
(1/2005 - 12/2008)
Zambia
Care and Support Services Provided to Rape Survivors at First Point of Contact in India and Bangladesh (more)
The Council’s FRONTIERS program prepared a proposal for testing integrated interventions to address sexual violence in South Asian countries.
(9/2007 - 3/2008)
Bangladesh, India
Reducing Young Men's HIV Risk and Violence Against Women by Promoting Gender-equitable Norms and Behavior in India (more)
Population Council researchers explored whether social norms can be changed to foster support for gender-equitable relationships among young men in India and, if so, to what extent doing so will prevent HIV infection.
(12/2003 - 7/2007)
India
Reducing HIV Risk Through Violence Prevention with Young Men in Tanzania (more)
Council researchers evaluated a community-based intervention for young men that aimed to change attitudes and behaviors related to partner violence, relationships, and HIV and AIDS in Tanzania.
(4/2003 - 3/2007)
Tanzania
Resources
Featured publication
The prevention and management of HIV and sexual and gender-based violence: Responding to the needs of survivors and those-at-risk (PDF)
Raifman,Sarah; Askew,Ian; Amin,Sajeda; Keesbury,Jill; Mullick,Saiqa; Diers,Judith A.; Budiharsana,Meiwita P.; Undie,Chi-Chi; Zama,Mary; Menziwa,Mantshi; Hutchinson,Sherry; Rutenberg,Naomi
Publication date: 2011
A lifetime of violence: Results from an exploratory survey of Mexican women With HIV (abstract)
Kendall,Tamil; van Dijk,Marieke G.; Wilson,Katherine; Picasso,Nizarindandi; Lara,Diana K.; Garcia,Sandra G.
Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care 23(5): 377-387
Publication date: 2012
Association between maternal intimate partner violence victimization and childhood immunization in India (abstract)
Sabarwal,Shagun; McCormick,Marie C.; Silverman,Jay G.; Subramanian,S.V.
Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 58(2): 107-113
Publication date: 2012
Ethical principles, dilemmas and risks in collecting data on violence against children: A review of available literature (PDF)
Child Protection Monitoring and Evaluation Reference Group
Publication date: 2012
Exploring the effectiveness of the output-based aid voucher program to increase uptake of gender-based violence recovery services in Kenya: A qualitative evaluation (abstract) (HTML)
Njuki,Rebecca; Okal,Jerry; Warren,Charlotte; Obare,Francis; Abuya,Timothy; Kanya,Lucy; Undie,Chi-Chi; Bellows,Benjamin; Askew,Ian
BMC Public Health 12(1): 426-
Publication date: 2012
Indicators of mobility, socio-economic vulnerabilities and HIV risk behaviours among mobile female sex workers in India (abstract)
Saggurti,Niranjan; Jain,Anrudh K.; Sebastian,Mary Philip; Singh,Rajendra; Reddy Modugu,Hanimi; Halli,Shiva S.; Verma,Ravi K.
AIDS and Behavior 16(4): 952-959
Publication date: 2012
Rape sentencing study: A review of statutory sentencing provisions for rape, defilement, and sexual assault in East, Central, and Southern Africa (PDF)
Thompson,Jill; Simmonds,Felly Nkweto
Publication date: 2012
Routine screening for intimate partner violence in public health care settings in Kenya: An assessment of acceptability (PDF)
Undie,Chi-Chi; Maternowska,Catherine; Mak'anyengo,Margaret; Birungi,Harriet; Keesbury,Jill; Askew,Ian
APHIA II OR Project in Kenya Technical Report
Publication date: 2012
Son preference and intimate partner violence victimization in India: Examining the role of actual and desired family composition (abstract)
Sabarwal,Shagun; McCormick,Marie C.; Subramanian,S.V.; Silverman,Jay G.
Journal of Biosocial Science 44(1): 43-56
Publication date: 2012
The Africa Regional Sexual and Gender-based Violence Network Annual Partners Meeting: June 26-27 2012, Mombasa, Kenya -- meeting report (PDF)
Population Council
Publication date: 2012
Women's empowerment and forced sex within marriage in rural India (abstract)
Acharya,Rajib; Sabarwal,Shagun; Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.
Economic and Political Weekly 47(2): 65-69
Publication date: 2012
Addis Birhan project: Working with boys and men to address young girls' social vulnerability (PDF)
Erulkar,Annabel S.; Apicella,Louis; Ferede,Abebaw
Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief (no. 6)
Publication date: 2011
Abordar la violencia sexual basada en el género (SGBV) contra niñas adolescentes (PDF)
Amin,Sajeda; Anderson,Althea D.
Promoción de transiciones a la vida adulta sanas, seguras y productivas resumen (no. 38)
Publication date: 2011
Abuse from in-laws during pregnancy and post-partum: Qualitative and quantitative findings from low-income mothers of infants in Mumbai, India (abstract)
Raj,Anita; Sabarwal,Shagun; Decker,Michele R.; Nair,Saritha; Jethva,Meghna; Krishnan,Suneeta; Donta,Balaiah; Saggurti,Niranjan; Silverman,Jay G.
Maternal and Child Health Journal 15(6): 700-712
Publication date: 2011
Addressing sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) against adolescent girls (PDF)
Amin,Sajeda; Anderson,Althea D.
Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief (no. 38)
Publication date: 2011
Attitudinal and behavioral factors associated with extramarital sex among Nigerian men: Findings from a national survey (abstract)
Vu,Lung; Tun,Waimar; Karlyn,Andrew; Adebajo,Sylvia; Ahonsi,Babatunde
International Journal of Sexual Health 23(4): 258-268
Publication date: 2011
Comprehensive responses to sexual violence in East and Southern Africa: Lessons learned from implementation (PDF)
Keesbury,Jill; Askew,Ian; Wanjiru,Monica; Chiyaba,Grace; Wilson,Kate; Simmonds,Felly Nkweto
Policy Brief
Publication date: 2011
Experience of violence and adverse reproductive health outcomes, HIV risks among mobile female sex workers in India (abstract) (PDF)
Swain,Suvakanta N.; Saggurti,Niranjan; Battala,Madhusudana; Verma,Ravi K.; Jain,Anrudh K.
BMC Public Heath 11: 357-
Publication date: 2011
Gender-based disparities in infant and child mortality based on maternal exposure to spousal violence: The heavy burden borne by Indian girls (abstract)
Silverman,Jay G.; Decker,Michele R.; Cheng,Debbie M.; Wirth,Kathleen; Saggurti,Niranjan; McCauley,Heather L.; Balaiah,Donta; Raj,Anita
Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 165(1): 22-27
Publication date: 2011
Improving policies and programs to prevent and respond to sexual and gender-based violence and HIV (PDF)
Population Briefs 17(2)
Publication date: 2011
La atención y prevención de la violencia en contra de la mujer en Guatemala: Directorio de servicios (PDF)
Del Castillo,Diana; Raquec,Elvia
Publication date: 2011
Protecting young people from sex without consent (PDF)
Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.
Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief (no. 7)
Publication date: 2011
Survey of domestic and work life experience and reproductive health of women workers of selected industrial compounds in Ha Noi (PDF)
Nguyen Thi Van Anh; Nguyen Hong Phuong
Publication date: 2011
The prevention and management of HIV and sexual and gender-based violence: Responding to the needs of survivors and those-at-risk (PDF)
Raifman,Sarah; Askew,Ian; Amin,Sajeda; Keesbury,Jill; Mullick,Saiqa; Diers,Judith A.; Budiharsana,Meiwita P.; Undie,Chi-Chi; Zama,Mary; Menziwa,Mantshi; Hutchinson,Sherry; Rutenberg,Naomi
Publication date: 2011
Trafficking mechanisms and HIV status among sex-trafficking survivors in Calcutta, India
Falb,Kathryn L.; McCauley,Heather L.; Decker,Michele R.; Sabarwal,Shagun; Gupta,Jhumka; Silverman,Jay G.
International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 113(1): 86-87
Publication date: 2011
Violence in contract work among female sex workers in Andhra Pradesh, India (abstract)
George,Annie; Sabarwal,Shagun; Martin,P.
Journal of Infectious Diseases 204(suppl 5): S1235-S1240
Publication date: 2011
Proceedings and presentations from the Free State Child Abuse Indaba
(PDF)
Publication date: 2010
A step-by-step guide to strengthening sexual violence services in public health facilities: Lessons and tools from sexual violence services in Africa (PDF)
Keesbury,Jill; Thompson,Jill
Publication date: 2010
APHIA II Operations Research Project in Kenya Newsletter, October 2010 (PDF)
Publication date: 2010
Association between adolescent marriage and marital violence among young adult women in India (abstract)
Raj,Anita; Saggurti,Niranjan; Lawrence,Danielle; Balaiah,Donta; Silverman,Jay G.
International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 110(1): 35-39
Publication date: 2010
COMPACT: Community mobilization for preventive action (PDF)
Population Council
Publication date: 2010
Comprehensive responses to gender-based violence in low-resource settings: Lessons learned from implementation (PDF)
Keesbury,Jill; Askew,Ian
Publication date: 2010
Domestic violence and early childhood mortality in rural India: Evidence from prospective data (abstract)
Koenig,Michael A.; Stephenson,Rob; Acharya,Rajib; Barrick,Lindsay; Ahmed,Saifuddin; Hindin,Michelle J.
International Journal of Epidemiology 39(3): 825-833
Publication date: 2010
Ethiopia gender survey: A study in seven regions (PDF)
Erulkar,Annabel S.; Ferede,Abebaw; Ambelu,Worku; Girma,Woldemariam; Amdemikael,Helen; GebreMedhi,Behailu; Legesse,Berhanu; Tameru,Ayehualem; Teferi,Messay
Report
Publication date: 2010
Ethiopia young adult survey: A study in seven regions (PDF)
Erulkar,Annabel S.; Ferede,Abebaw; Ambelu,Worku; Girma,Woldemariam; Amdemikael,Helen; GebreMedhi,Behailu; Legesse,Berhanu; Tameru,Ayehualem; Teferi,Messay
Publication date: 2010
Executive summary: A step-by-step guide to strengthening sexual violence services in public health facilities (PDF)
Keesbury,Jill; Thompson,Jill
Publication date: 2010
Health and social consequences of marital violence: A synthesis of evidence from India (PDF)
Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Santhya,K.G.; Acharya,Rajib
Publication date: 2010
Health consequences of violence within marriage: Need for strengthening the health sector response (PDF)
Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Santhya,K.G.; Acharya,Rajib
Policy Brief (no. 2)
Publication date: 2010
Improving quality of health care for gender-based violence victims at health facilities in Viet Nam (PDF)
Mai Quoc Tung; Budiharsana,Meiwita P.; Nguyen Thi Phuong Lan; Patten,Jane H.
Project evaluation report
Publication date: 2010
Improving the health care response to gender-based violence: Project evaluation report (PDF)
Budiharsana,Meiwita P.; Mai Quoc Tung
Publication date: 2010
Looking back, moving forward: Promoting gender equity to fight HIV, Horizons studies 1999 to 2007 (PDF)
Pulerwitz,Julie; Michaelis,Annie P.; Weiss,Ellen
Horizons Synthesis Background Papers
Publication date: 2010
'Meserete Hiwot' (Base of Life): Supporting married adolescents with HIV prevention and reproductive health in rural Ethiopia (PDF)
Erulkar,Annabel S.; Lamesgin,Aragaw; Muthengi,Eunice
Program Brief, December
Publication date: 2010
PEPFAR special initiative on sexual and gender-based violence: Baseline report (PDF)
Elson,Lynne; Keesbury,Jill
Publication date: 2010
Targeting violence against women in Bolivia and Vietnam (PDF)
Population Briefs 16(2)
Publication date: 2010
The role of traditional leaders in preventing and addressing sexual and gender-based violence: Findings from KwaZulu-Natal, Northwest and Limpopo provinces in South Africa (PDF)
Teffo-Menziwa,Mantshi; Mullick,Saiqa; Dlamini,Prince Cedza
Final report
Publication date: 2010
Women and sexual violence
Mullick,Saiqa; Teffo-Menziwa,Mantshi; Williams,Eka; Jina,Ruxana
from South African Health Review 2010, pp. 49-58
Publication date: 2010
"I have a problem": Women's help-seeking in Acornhoek, Mpumalanga (PDF)
Vetten,Lisa; Riba Lindiwe Makhunga,Phineas; van Jaarsveld,Francois; Dunseith,Olivia; Mokwena,Lufuno
Policy Brief (no. 1)
Publication date: 2009
Standards required in maintaining the chain of evidence in the context of post rape care services: Findings of a study conducted in Kenya
(PDF)
Ajema,Carolyne; Rogena,Emily; Muchela,Hadley; Bwire,Buluma; Kilonzo,Nduku
Publication date: 2009
Addis Birhan ('New Light'): Fostering husbands' involvement and support in Amhara Region, Ethiopia (PDF)
Erulkar,Annabel S.; Alemayehu,Awraris
Program brief
Publication date: 2009
Adolescent experience in-depth: Using data to identify and reach the most vulnerable young people (HTML)
Series of 51 data guides by country
Publication date: 2009
An assessment of sexual and gender based violence in Wajir district, North Eastern Kenya (PDF)
Mwangi,Gladys K.; Jaldesa,Guyo
Publication date: 2009
Comprehensive care and HIV prophylaxis after sexual assault in rural South Africa: The Refentse intervention study (abstract)
Kim,Julia C.; Askew,Ian; Muvhango,Lufuno; Dwane,Ntabozuko; Abramsky,Tanya; Jan,Stephen; Ntlemo,Ennica; Chege,Jane; Watts,Charlotte
British Medical Journal 338(b515): published online, 13 March-
Publication date: 2009
Domestic violence, health and HIV: A review on progress made in addressing domestic violence through the HIV & AIDS and STI National Strategic Plan 2007-2011 (PDF)
Meerkotter,Anneke
Policy Brief (no. 3)
Publication date: 2009
From paper to practice: Lessons in the implementation of health and victim empowerment policy applicable to rape survivors (PDF)
Vetten,Lisa; Kim,Julia C.; Ntlemo,Ennica; Mokwena,Lufuno
Policy Brief (no. 2)
Publication date: 2009
Implementing the Domestic Violence Act in Acornhoek, Mpumalanga (PDF)
Vetten,Lisa; van Jaarsveld,Francois; Riba Lindiwe Makhunga,Phineas
Tshwaranang Legal Advocacy Centre to End Violence Against Women (TLAC) Research Brief (no. 2)
Publication date: 2009
Improving the health care response to gender-based violence: Phase II (PDF)
Budiharsana,Meiwita P.; Mai Quoc Tung
Final project evaluation report
Publication date: 2009
Intimate partner violence functions as both a risk marker and risk factor for women's HIV infection: Findings from Indian husband-wife dyads (abstract)
Decker,Michele R.; Seage,George R.; Hemenway,David; Raj,Anita; Saggurti,Niranjan; Balaiah,Donta; Silverman,Jay G.
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 51(5): 593-600
Publication date: 2009
Multi-sectoral approaches to preventing sexual assault and domestic violence: A collective force to stop the violence (PDF)
Publication date: 2009
Sexual violence: Setting the research agenda for Kenya (PDF)
Maternowska,Catherine; Keesbury,Jill; Kilonzo,Nduku
Publication date: 2009
South African program promotes "resilience" and improves post-rape care (PDF)
Population Briefs 15(3)
Publication date: 2009
The co-occurrence of intimate partner violence and syphilis among pregnant women in Bolivia (abstract)
Diaz-Olavarrieta,Claudia; Wilson,Kate S.; Garcia,Sandra G.; Revollo,Rita; Richmond,Kara; Paz,Francisco; Chavez,Lorena
Journal of Women's Health 18(12): 2077-2086
Publication date: 2009
The Copperbelt model of integrated care for survivors of rape and defilement: Testing the feasibility of police provision of emergency contraceptive pills (PDF)
Keesbury,Jill; Zama,Mary; Shreeniwas,Sudha
Final report
Publication date: 2009
The making of the Kenya sexual offenses act, 2006: Behind the scenes (PDF)
Onyango-Ouma,Washington; Ndung'u,Njoki; Baraza,Nancy; Birungi,Harriet
Publication date: 2009
The Refentse model for post-rape care: Strengthening sexual assault care and HIV post-exposure prophylaxis in a district hospital in rural South Africa (PDF)
Kim,Julia C.; Askew,Ian; Muvhango,Lufuno; Dwane,Ntabozuko; Abramsky,Tanya; Jan,Stephen; Ntlemo,Ennica; Chege,Jane; Watts,Charlotte
Final report
Publication date: 2009
Violence within marriage among young people in Tamil Nadu (PDF) (HTML)
International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS); Population Council
Youth in India: Situation and Needs Policy Brief (no. 12)
Publication date: 2009
A situation analysis of care and support for rape survivors at first point of contact in India and Bangladesh (PDF)
Khan,M.E.; Bhattacharya,Aruna; Bhuiya,Ismat; Aeron,Aditi
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2008
Africa regional sexual and gender-based violence network consultation: Technical exchange and planning meeting (PDF)
Report of a meeting at Roode Vallei Lodge, Pretoria, South Africa, 5-7 March
Publication date: 2008
Assessment of risk factors for HIV infection in female sex workers and men who have sex with men in Ciudad del Este, Paraguay (PDF)
Chinaglia,Magda; Tun,Waimar; Mello,Maeve; Insfran,Magdalena; Diaz,Juan
Horizons Final Report
Publication date: 2008
Domestic violence, contraceptive use, and unwanted pregnancy in rural India (abstract)
Stephenson,Rob; Koenig,Michael A.; Acharya,Rajib; Roy,Tarun K.
Studies in Family Planning 39(3): 177-186
Publication date: 2008
Exploring opportunities to project a 'responsible man' image: Gatekeepers views of young men's sexual and reproductive health needs in Uttaranchal, India (abstract)
Khan,M.E.; Mishra,Anurag; Morankar,Sudhakar
International Quarterly of Community Health Education 28(1): 13-31
Publication date: 2008
Identifying sources of adolescent exclusion due to violence: Participatory mapping in South Africa (PDF)
Kenworthy,Nora; Hallman,Kelly; Diers,Judith A.
Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief (no. 30)
Publication date: 2008
Intimate partner violence and HIV infection among married Indian women (abstract)
Silverman,Jay G.; Decker,Michele R.; Saggurti,Niranjan; Balaiah,Donta; Raj,Anita
Journal of the American Medical Association 300(6): 703-710
Publication date: 2008
Measuring attitudes toward gender norms among young men in Brazil: Development and psychometric evaluation of the GEM scale (abstract)
Pulerwitz,Julie; Barker,Gary
Men and Masculinities 10(3): 322-338
Publication date: 2008
Promoting gender equity as a strategy to reduce HIV risk and gender-based violence among young men in India (PDF)
Verma,Ravi K.; Pulerwitz,Julie; Mahendra,Vaishali Sharma; Khandekar,Sujata; Singh,A.K.; Das,S.S.; Mehra,Sunil; Nura,Anita; Barker,Gary
Horizons Final Report
Publication date: 2008
Sexual and gender based violence in Africa: Key issues for programming (PDF)
Publication date: 2008
Sexual and gender based violence in Africa: Literature review (PDF)
Publication date: 2008
Sexual and gender-based violence (PDF)
Momentum, September
Publication date: 2008
South Africa: Integrated approach improves quality of post-rape care (PDF)
FRONTIERS OR Summary (no. 69)
Publication date: 2008
Consent and coercion: Examining unwanted sex among married young women in India
(abstract) (PDF)
Santhya,K.G.; Haberland,Nicole; Ram,F.; Sinha,R.K.; Mohanty,S.K.
International Family Planning Perspectives 33(3): 124-132
Publication date: 2007
Abuse during pregnancy in Mexico City (abstract)
Diaz-Olavarrieta,Claudia; Paz,Francisco; Abuabara,Katrina; Martinez Ayala,H.B.; Kolstad,K.; Palermo,T.
International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 97(1): 57-64
Publication date: 2007
Health needs and barriers to health care of women who have experienced intimate partner violence
Wilson,Katherine; Silberberg,Mina R.; Brown,Ann; Yaggy,Susan B.
Journal of Women's Health 16(10): 1485-1498
Publication date: 2007
Maternal syphilis and intimate partner violence in Bolivia: A gender-based analysis of implications for partner notification and universal screening (abstract)
Diaz-Olavarrieta,Claudia; Garcia,Sandra G.; Seitchik Feldman,Becca; Martinez Polis,Alberto; Revollo,Rita; Tinajeros,Freddy; Grossman,Daniel
Sexually Transmitted Diseases 34(7): S42-S46
Publication date: 2007
Testing the effectiveness of the Men as Partners Program (MAP) in Soweto, South Africa (PDF)
Ditlopo,Prudence; Mullick,Saiqa; Askew,Ian; Vernon,Ricardo; Maroga,Edwin; Sibeko,Sgidi; Tshabalala,Mokgethi; Raletsemo,Rabbuh; Peacock,Dean; Levack,Andrew
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2007
Challenging and changing gender attitudes among young men in Mumbai, India (abstract)
Verma,Ravi K.; Pulerwitz,Julie; Mahendra,Vaishali Sharma; Khandekar,Sujata; Barker,Gary; Fulpagare,P.; Singh,S.K.
Reproductive Health Matters 14(28): 135-143
Publication date: 2006
Engaging young men in violence prevention: Reflections from Latin America and India
Barker,Gary; Nascimento,Marcos; Pulerwitz,Julie; Ricardo,Christine; Segundo,Marcio; Verma,Ravi K.; Leach,Fiona; Mitchell,Claudia
from Combating Gender Violence In and Around Schools
Publication date: 2006
Gender, sexual behaviour and vulnerability among young people
Ricardo,Christine; Barker,Gary; Pulerwitz,Julie; Rocha,Valeria; Aggleton,Peter; Ingham,Roger
from Promoting Young People's Sexual Health: International Perspectives, pp. 61-78
Publication date: 2006
Individual and contextual determinants of domestic violence in North India (abstract)
Koenig,Michael A.; Stephenson,Rob; Ahmed,Saifuddin; Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Campbell,Jacquelyn C.
American Journal of Public Health 96(1): 132-138
Publication date: 2006
Living up to their name: Profamilia takes on gender-based violence (PDF)
Garcia-Moreno,Claudia; Goldberg,Rachel E.
Quality/Calidad/Qualité (no. 18)
Publication date: 2006
Non-consensual sex and young people: Looking ahead
Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Shah,Iqbal; Thapa,Shyam
from Sex without Consent: Young People in Developing Countries
Publication date: 2006
Non-consensual sexual experiences of young people in developing countries: An overview
Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Bott,Sarah; Shah,Iqbal; Thapa,Shyam
from Sex without Consent: Young People in Developing Countries
Publication date: 2006
Prevalence, nature and determinants of violence against women in Bangladesh (abstract)
Khan,M.E.; Aeron,Aditi
Journal of Family Welfare 52(special issue): 33-51
Publication date: 2006
Promoting evidence-based policy guidance and program support to address gender in sexual and reproductive health
Asia and Near East OR Summary (no. 16)
Publication date: 2006
Rapid assessment of sexual assault in Zambia's Copperbelt Province
Keesbury,Jill; Skibiak,John P.; Zama,Mary
Publication date: 2006
Reducing unwanted pregnancy among victims of sexual assault: New windows of opportunity for emergency contraception
Keesbury,Jill; Skibiak,John P.; Zama,Mary
Publication date: 2006
Sex Without Consent: Young People in Developing Countries
Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Shah,Iqbal; Thapa,Shyam
Publication date: 2006
Sexual harassment in the workplace: Experiences of women in the health sector (PDF)
Chaudhuri,Paramita
Health and Population Innovation Fellowship Programme Working Paper (no. 1)
Publication date: 2006
Shifting support for inequitable gender norms among young Indian men to reduce HIV risk and partner violence (PDF)
Verma,Ravi K.; Mahendra,Vaishali Sharma; Pulerwitz,Julie; Khandekar,Sujata; Barker,Gary; Fulpagare,P.; Singh,S.K.
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2006
Yaari Dosti: Young Men Redefine Masculinity, A Training Manual (PDF)
Horizons Program; CORO for Literacy; MAMTA; Instituto Promundo
Publication date: 2006
Yaari Dosti: Young Men Redefine Masculinity, A Training Manual [Hindi] (PDF)
Horizons Program; CORO for Literacy; MAMTA; Instituto Promundo
Publication date: 2006
Young women's experiences of forced sex within marriage: Evidence from India
Santhya,K.G.; Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Shah,Iqbal; Thapa,Shyam
from Sex without Consent: Young People in Developing Countries
Publication date: 2006
Attitudes of Pakistani men to domestic violence: A study from Karachi, Pakistan (abstract)
Fikree,Fariyal F.; Razzak,Junaid; Durocher,Jill M.
Journal of Men's Health and Gender 2(1): 49-58
Publication date: 2005
Entendiendo y respondiendo a la violencia doméstica en comunidades indígenas de Guatemala [Understanding and responding to domestic violence in indigenous communities in Guatemala]
Ruiz,Marta Julia; Mazariegos,Luisa Maria; Banos Smith,Maria; Catino,Jennifer; Herrera,Guillermina
Publication date: 2005
Ethical issues in research on sexual coercion among youth
Townsend,John W.; Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Shah,Iqbal; Thapa,Shyam
from Sex Without Consent: Young People in Developing Countries, pp. 333-338
Publication date: 2005
Gender and gender-based violence: What health providers can do to help female victims
Mai,Le Thi Phuong
Publication date: 2005
Interventions linking gender relations and violence with reproductive health and HIV: Rationale, effectiveness and gaps (abstract) (PDF)
Chege,Jane
Agenda: Special Focus on Gender, Culture and Rights (special issue): 114-123
Publication date: 2005
Marital sexual violence is 'a terrifying experience' (PDF)
Haque,Faizal; Townsend,John W.; Khan,M.E.
Network 23(4): 12-
Publication date: 2005
Marital violence, human development and women's property status in India (abstract)
Panda,Pradeep; Agarwal,Bina
World Development 33(5): 823-850
Publication date: 2005
Marital violence, human development and women's property status in India
Panda,Pradeep; Agarwal,Bina
IEG Working Paper Series (no. E/256/2005)
Publication date: 2005
Non-consensual sexual experiences of young people in Kenya: Boys as perpetrators and victims
Njue,Carolyne; Askew,Ian; Chege,Jane; Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Shah,Iqbal; Thapa,Shyam
from Sex Without Consent: Young People in Developing Countries
Publication date: 2005
Physical abuse common during pregnancy in South Asia, studies find (PDF)
Population Briefs 11(3)
Publication date: 2005
Research designs for investigating non-consensual sexual experiences among young people
Guest,Philip; Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Shah,Iqbal; Thapa,Shyam
from Sex without Consent: Young People in Developing Countries, pp. 301-317
Publication date: 2005
Using edutainment and social activities to challenge machismo in Nicaragua. The example of Somos Diferentes, Somos Iguales (abstract) (HTML)
Espinoza,Henry; van Beelen,Nel
Sexual Health Exchange 2: 9-10
Publication date: 2005
Does dowry improve life for brides? A test of the bequest theory of dowry in rural Bangladesh (PDF)
Suran,Luciana; Amin,Sajeda; Huq,Lopita; Chowdury,Kobita
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 195)
Publication date: 2004
Domestic violence
Nidadavolu,Vijaya; Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.
from Looking Back, Looking Forward: A Profile of Sexual and Reproductive Health in India, pp. 169-179
Publication date: 2004
Domestic violence against women in Kerala
Panda,Pradeep Kumar
Kerala Research Program on Local Level Development Discussion Paper (no. 86)
Publication date: 2004
EC and care for sexual assault/EC et soins des agressions sexuelles (PDF)
ECAfrique bulletin 2(2): 1-16
Publication date: 2004
Exploring the association between HIV and violence: Young people's experiences with infidelity, violence and forced sex in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (abstract) (PDF)
Lary,Heidi; Maman,Suzanne; Katebalila,Maligo; McCauley,Ann P.; Mbwambo,Jessie K.
International Family Planning Perspectives 30(4): 200-206
Publication date: 2004
Forced sexual relations among married young women in developing countries (PDF)
Ganju,Deepika; Finger,William; Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Nidadavolu,Vijaya; Santhya,K.G.; Shah,Iqbal; Thapa,Shyam; Warriner,Ina
research brief
Publication date: 2004
Nonconsensual sex among youth
Finger,William; Thapa,Shyam; Ganju,Deepika; Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Nidadavolu,Vijaya; Shah,Iqbal; Warriner,Ina
YouthLens (no. 10)
Publication date: 2004
Pakistani obstetricians' recognition of and attitude towards domestic violence screening (abstract)
Fikree,Fariyal F.; Jafarey,Sadiqua N.; Korejo,Razia; Khan,A.; Durocher,Jill M.
International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 87(1): 59-65
Publication date: 2004
Sexual coercion: Young men's experiences as victims and perpetrators (PDF)
Ganju,Deepika; Finger,William; Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Nidadavolu,Vijaya; Santhya,K.G.; Shah,Iqbal; Thapa,Shyam; Warriner,Ina
research brief
Publication date: 2004
The adverse health and social outcomes of sexual coercion: Experiences of young women in developing countries (PDF)
Ganju,Deepika; Finger,William; Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Nidadavolu,Vijaya; Santhya,K.G.; Shah,Iqbal; Thapa,Shyam; Warriner,Ina
research brief
Publication date: 2004
The adverse health and social outcomes of sexual coercion: Experiences of young women in developing countries [Arabic] (PDF)
Ganju,Deepika; Finger,William; Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Nidadavolu,Vijaya; Santhya,K.G.; Shah,Iqbal; Thapa,Shyam; Warriner,Ina
research brief
Publication date: 2004
The experience of sexual coercion among young people in Kenya (abstract) (PDF)
Erulkar,Annabel S.
International Family Planning Perspectives 30(4): 182-189
Publication date: 2004
Actions that protect: Promoting sexual and reproductive health and choice among young people in India (PDF)
Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Sebastian,Mary Philip
South & East Asia Regional Working Paper (no. 18)
Publication date: 2003
From trafficking to sex worker: Burmese migrants in Thailand
Boonmongkon,Pimpawum; Guest,Philip; Marddent,Amporn; Sanders,Steve; Darwin,Muhadjir; Wattie,Anna Marie; Yuarsi,Susi Eja
from Living on the Edges: Cross-Border Mobility and Sexual Exploitation in the Greater Southeast Asia Sub-Region, pp. 163-232
Publication date: 2003
High rates and positive outcomes of HIV-serostatus disclosure to sexual partners: Reasons for cautious optimism from a voluntary counseling and testing clinic in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (abstract)
Maman,Suzanne; Mbwambo,Jessie K.; Hogan,Nora M.; Weiss,Ellen; Kilonzo,Gad P.; Sweat,Michael D.
AIDS and Behavior 7(4): 373-382
Publication date: 2003
Muertes maternas por aborto y por violencia en México: narración de una experiencia en la formulación de una metodología de investigación
Espinoza,Henry; Hernandez,Bernardo; Campero,Lourdes; Walker,Dilys; Reynoso,Sofía; Langer,Ana
Perinatologia y Reproduccion Humana 17(4)
Publication date: 2003
Non-consensual sexual experiences of young people: A review of the evidence from developing countries (PDF)
Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Bott,Sarah
South & East Asia Regional Working Paper (no. 16)
Publication date: 2003
Obstetricians' and women's perspectives: A case study of domestic violence from Pakistan
Fikree,Fariyal F.; Jafarey,Sadiqua N.; Korejo,Razia; Khan,Ambareen; Afshan,Anjum; Durocher,Jill M.
Publication date: 2003
Anti-trafficking programs in South Asia: Appropriate activities, indicators and evaluation methodologies (PDF)
Huntington,Dale
Summary report of a technical consultative meeting
Publication date: 2002
Anti-trafficking programs in South Asia: Appropriate activities, indicators and evaluation methodologies [Arabic] (PDF)
Huntington,Dale
Summary report of a technical consultative meeting
Publication date: 2002
HIV-positive women report more lifetime partner violence: Findings from a voluntary counseling and testing clinic in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (abstract) (PDF)
Maman,Suzanne; Mbwambo,Jessie K.; Hogan,Nora M.; Kilonzo,Gad P.; Campbell,Jacquelyn C.; Weiss,Ellen; Sweat,Michael D.
American Journal of Public Health 92(8): 1331-1337
Publication date: 2002
Investigating links between HIV and partner violence (PDF)
Population Briefs, Spring 2002 (HIV/AIDS edition)
Publication date: 2002
Investigating links between HIV and partner violence [Arabic] (PDF)
Population Briefs, Spring 2002 (HIV/AIDS edition)
Publication date: 2002
Sexual violence within marriage: A case study of rural Uttar Pradesh (abstract)
Khan,M.E.; Townsend,John W.; Sinha,Ranjana; Lakhanpal,Seema
International Quarterly of Community Health Education 21(2): 133-147
Publication date: 2002
South Asia: Clarify goals and expand the reach of anti-trafficking programs (PDF)
FRONTIERS OR Summary (no. 28)
Publication date: 2002
Tackling domestic violence: Adapting guidelines materials for rural communities
Mai,Le Thi Phuong; Willshire,Lucinda
Project report
Publication date: 2002
The baseline study on gender-based violence conducted at health facilities and communes in Gia Lam District, Hanoi
Mai,Le Thi Phuong; Le,Ngoc Lan
Publication date: 2002
A comparative analysis of anti-trafficking intervention approaches in Nepal (PDF)
Evans,Catrin; Bhattarai,Pankaja; Daly,Celine; Mahendra,Vaishali Sharma; Langton,Nick
Publication date: 2001
Community perceptions of trafficking and its determinants in Nepal
Mahendra,Vaishali Sharma; Bhattarai,Pankaja; Dahal,Dill Ram; Crowley,Siobhan; Daly,Celine; Langton,Nick
Publication date: 2001
El Poder en las Relaciones Sexuales: Inicio de un diálogo entre profesionistas en salud reproductiva (PDF)
Publication date: 2001
Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey: Statistical tables for program planning (HTML)
Series of DHS data tables by country
Publication date: 2001
HIV and partner violence: Implications for HIV voluntary counseling and testing (PDF)
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2001
HIV and partner violence: Implications for HIV voluntary counseling and testing programs in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (PDF)
Maman,Suzanne; Mbwambo,Jessie K.; Hogan,Margaret; Kilonzo,Gad P.; Sweat,Michael D.; Weiss,Ellen
Horizons Final Report
Publication date: 2001
Human rights and trafficking: Supporting women in Nepal (HTML)
Daly,Celine; Mahendra,Vaishali Sharma; Bhattarai,Pankaja
Global AIDSLink 69
Publication date: 2001
Power in Sexual Relationships: An Opening Dialogue among Reproductive Health Professionals (PDF)
Publication date: 2001
Prevention of trafficking and the care and support of trafficked persons in the context of an emerging HIV/AIDS epidemic in Nepal (PDF)
Daly,Celine
Horizons Final Report
Publication date: 2001
Trafficking and human rights in Nepal: Community perceptions and policy and program responses (PDF)
Daly,Celine; Mahendra,Vaishali Sharma; Bhattarai,Pankaja; Langton,Nick; Sanghera,Jyoti; Evans,Catrin; Kapur,Ratna; Dahal,Dill Ram; Crowley,Siobhan
Horizons Research Summary
Publication date: 2001
Trafficking in Nepal: An assessment of laws and policies for the prevention and control of trafficking in Nepal (PDF)
Sanghera,Jyoti; Kapur,Ratna; Daly,Celine; Mahendra,Vaishali Sharma; Bhattarai,Pankaja; Langton,Nick
Publication date: 2001
Report of an intervention project: Training and developing counseling material on domestic violence and reproductive health for the counseling center hotline in Ho Chi Minh City
Mai,Le Thi Phuong; Landfield,Katherine
Publication date: 2000
The intersections of HIV and violence: Directions for future research and interventions (abstract)
Maman,Suzanne; Campbell,Jacquelyn C.; Sweat,Michael D.; Gielen,Andrea C.
Social Science and Medicine 50(4): 459-478
Publication date: 2000
Domestic violence and health of Pakistani women (abstract)
Fikree,Fariyal F.; Bhatti,Lubna Ishaq
International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 65(2): 195-201
Publication date: 1999
Mexico: Training health providers on domestic violence (PDF)
Pick,Susan; Miranda,Lydia
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 1999
Putting women's safety first: Ethical and safety recommendations for research on domestic violence against women (PDF)
Publication date: 1999
From Uncivil War to Civil Peace: Algerian Women's Voices
Hessini,Leila
Publication date: 1998
From Uncivil War to Civil Peace: Algerian Women's Voices [Arabic] (PDF)
Hessini,Leila
Publication date: 1998
Violence and its consequences for reproductive health: The Vietnam case
Mai,Le Thi Phuong
South & East Asia Regional Working Paper (no. 12)
Publication date: 1998
Emergency contraception as an element in the care of rape victims (PDF)
Vernon,Ricardo; Schiavon,Raffaela; Llaguno,Silvia Elena
INOPAL III Final Report
Publication date: 1997
Living on a Fault Line: Political Violence Against Women in Algeria [Arabic] (PDF)
Hessini,Leila
Publication date: 1997
Sexual violence within marriage: A case study of rural Uttar Pradesh (PDF)
Khan,M.E.; Townsend,John W.; Sinha,Ranjana; Lakhanpal,Seema
Asia and Near East OR/TA Project Special Report
Publication date: 1997
Living on a Fault Line: Political Violence Against Women in Algeria
Hessini,Leila
Publication date: 1996
Sexual Coercion and Reproductive Health: A Focus on Research (PDF)
Heise,Lori L.; Moore,Kirsten; Toubia,Nahid
Publication date: 1995
What's New
- "Sometimes, all that stands between a survivor and the help she needs are a few simple questions." The Council’s Chi-Chi Undie discusses intimate partner violence in Africa in a blog post on RH Reality Check. (offsite link)
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