Population Council researchers estimate that approximately one-third of girls living in the developing world (excluding China) are married before age 18. These millions of girls are defined as "children" by the Convention on the Rights of the Child. Council research also indicates that approximately one out of seven girls in the developing world (excluding China) is married before her fifteenth birthday.
Child marriage violates girls’ human rights by excluding them from decisions regarding the timing of marriage and choice of spouse. In many instances, child marriage marks an abrupt initiation into sexual relations, often with a husband who is considerably older and a relative stranger. In addition, married girls have few social connections, restricted mobility, limited control over resources, and little power in their new households.
The countries with the highest proportion of child brides are typically in West Africa and South Asia. “Hot spots” of child marriage (whether characterized by region, ethnic or religious group, or economic disadvantage) exist where a large proportion of girls are married before their fifteenth birthday.
Population Council focus
Population Council projects in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, India, Kenya, Nigeria, and elsewhere foster an environment that is supportive of later marriage. These projects offer families the resources and options they need to defer marriage while supporting married girls by addressing the isolation and disempowerment that characterize their situation and their health care needs.
Population Council impact
- In West Bengal and Gujarat, India, the Council’s First-time Parents Project targeted newly married young women, young women pregnant for the first time, postpartum first-time mothers, husbands of these young women, mothers and mothers-in-law, and the broader community. After controlling for other factors, the First-time Parents Project had significant, positive effects on girls’ autonomy, reproductive health knowledge and practice, and couple relations.
- In urban Ethiopia, the Council is developing programming for vulnerable girls, many of whom have fled early marriages in rural areas. Using a house-by-house recruitment strategy, over 10,000 girls have been enrolled in a safe spaces program, including many domestic workers.
- Working with partners in Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda, the Council is testing alternative approaches to delaying marriage in child marriage "hotspots" in East Africa.
Future directions
Council researchers will continue to investigate the relationship between marriage processes and economic transactions in a variety of contexts in an effort to guide future policies and interventions surrounding the transition to marriage.
Projects
Schooling, Livelihoods, and Marriage (more)
This project studies the impact of two large-scale interventions, a secondary school scholarship scheme and a pilot scheme to impart livelihood skills to adolescent girls, both designed to improve girls’ opportunities and delay marriage.
(1/1997 - ongoing)
Bangladesh
Adolescent Girls Empowerment Program (more)
The Council is developing solutions for vulnerable adolescent girls in Zambia, who need tools to help them avoid early marriage, STIs and HIV, and unwanted pregnancy.
(11/2011 - 10/2017)
Zambia
Berhane Hewan: Supporting Girls in Rural Ethiopia (more)
The goal of Berhane Hewan, which means "Light for Eve" in Amharic, is to establish appropriate and effective mechanisms to protect girls at risk of early marriage and to support adolescent girls who are already married.
(9/2002 - 10/2015)
Ethiopia
Building an Evidence Base to Delay Marriage in Sub-Saharan Africa (more)
Working with partners in Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda, the Council is testing alternative approaches to delaying marriage in child marriage "hotspots" in East Africa.
(10/2010 - 9/2015)
Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda
Malawi Schooling and Adolescent Study (more)
This six-round longitudinal study aims to identify critical aspects of school quality that put adolescents who face the dual challenges of poverty and HIV/AIDS on a safer, healthier, and more productive path to adulthood. Our research seeks to uncover those aspects of schooling that will lead to more protective behaviors and lower HIV risk among young men and women.
(1/2007 - 4/2015)
Malawi
Addressing Sexual and Reproductive Rights and Violence against Adolescent Girls and Women in Urban Bangladesh (more)
The Growing Up Safe and Healthy (SAFE) project seeks to provide context-specific strategies for vulnerable adolescents to build their social and health assets, with the eventual goal of improving their lifelong functional capabilities and well-being.
(11/2010 - 10/2014)
Bangladesh
Meserete Hiwot: Supporting Married Adolescent Girls in Rural Ethiopia to Prevent HIV Infection and Promote Reproductive Health
Meserete Hiwot ("Base of Life") addresses the social isolation of married adolescents and builds their knowledge and skills in HIV and reproductive health through community-based mentoring sessions.
(1/2007 - 12/2013)
Ethiopia
Ethiopia Youth and Gender Survey
The Ethiopia Youth and Gender Survey was a study of adolescents and women in urban and rural areas of seven regions of Ethiopia. The sample included nearly 20,000 respondents and contributes to greater understanding of the situation of youth and women in the country.
(5/2009 - 11/2010)
Ethiopia
Ethiopia "Brain Trust": Building Best Practices for Rural Girls’ Programming (more)
The Council has assembled a team of the most energetic, committed practitioners of programming for rural girls in Ethiopia—a girls' programming "Brain Trust."
(10/2007 - 9/2010)
Ethiopia
Eliminating Child Marriage in Burkina Faso: A Plan for Protection, Empowerment, and Community Action (more)
In Burkina Faso, Council research is working to increase the human security of adolescent girls who are either married or at risk of child marriage.
(8/2008 - 4/2010)
Burkina Faso
Addressing Child Marriage in Northern Nigeria (more)
Council researchers conducted a survey and intervention designed to address issues surrounding child marriage in Nigeria.
(11/2005 - 11/2009)
Nigeria
Highlighting Marital HIV Risk and Promoting Premarital Voluntary Counseling and Testing in Nyanza (more)
The Population Council mounted a large-scale educational campaign in Nyanza on the dangers of early marriage, establishing clubs for married girls, and promoting voluntary counseling and testing among newly married couples or those contemplating marriage.
(6/2005 - 3/2008)
Kenya
First-time Parents Project (more)
Council researchers developed and tested an integrated package of health and social interventions to improve young females’ reproductive and sexual health knowledge and practices, and increase their ability to act in their own interests.
(1/2003 - 1/2005)
India
Resources
De la recherche à la conception programmatique et à la mise en oeuvre : Programmation à l'intention des filles des milieux ruraux d'Éthiopie--Boîte à outils du praticien (PDF)
Erulkar,Annabel S.
Publication date: 2012
Increasing opportunities to delay marriage and promote schooling: Results from a baseline survey in rural Tanzania (PDF)
Muthengi-Karei,Eunice; Erulkar,Annabel S.
Publication date: 2012
Addressing sexual violence and HIV risk among married adolescent girls in rural Nyanza, Kenya (PDF)
Undie,Chi-Chi
Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief (no. 19)
Publication date: 2011
Addressing the needs of girls at risk of early marriage and married adolescent girls in Burkina Faso (PDF)
Engebretsen,Sarah; Kabore,Gisele
Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief (no. 9)
Publication date: 2011
Costos del matrimonio--Negociaciones maritales en países en vías de desarrollo (PDF)
Amin,Sajeda; Bajracharya,Ashish
Promoción de transiciones a la vida adulta sanas, seguras y productivas resumen (nº 35)
Publication date: 2011
Costs of marriage--Marriage transactions in the developing world (PDF)
Amin,Sajeda; Bajracharya,Ashish
Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief (no. 35)
Publication date: 2011
Delaying early marriage among disadvantaged rural girls in Amhara, Ethiopia, through social support, education, and community awareness (PDF)
Muthengi,Eunice; Erulkar,Annabel S.
Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief (no. 20)
Publication date: 2011
Empowering adolescent girls in rural Bangladesh: Kishori Abhijan (PDF)
Amin,Sajeda
Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief (no. 13)
Publication date: 2011
Equipping Mayan girls to improve their lives (PDF)
Catino,Jennifer; Colom,Alejandra; Ruiz,Marta Julia
Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief (no. 5)
Publication date: 2011
From research, to program design, to implementation: Programming for rural girls in Ethiopia--A toolkit for practitioners (PDF)
Erulkar,Annabel S.
Publication date: 2011
Les coûts du mariage--les transactions matrimoniales dans le monde en développement (PDF)
Amin,Sajeda; Bajracharya,Ashish
Promouvoir la santé, la sécurité et la productivité transitions vers l'âge adulte Bulletin (N 35)
Publication date: 2011
Les programmes de lutte contre le mariage des enfants : cerner le problème (PDF)
Amin,Sajeda
Promouvoir la santé, la sécurité et la productivité transitions vers l'âge adulte Bulletin (N 14)
Publication date: 2011
Preparación de las niñas mayas para mejorar su calidad de vida (PDF)
Catino,Jennifer; Colom,Alejandra; Ruiz,Marta Julia
Promoción de transiciones a la vida adulta sanas, seguras y productivas Resumen (no. 5)
Publication date: 2011
Programs to address child marriage: Framing the problem (PDF)
Amin,Sajeda
Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief (no. 14)
Publication date: 2011
Répondre aux besoins des jeunes filles à risque de mariage précoce et des adolescentes mariées au Burkina Faso (PDF)
Engebretsen,Sarah; Kabore,Gisele
Promouvoir des transitions vers l'âge adulte saines, sécurisées et productives resumen (no. 9 (Mise à jour mai 2011))
Publication date: 2011
Retarder le mariage précoce chez les filles défavorisées en milieu rural dans la région Amhara, en Éthiopie, grâce au soutien social, à l'éducation et à la sensibilisation des communautés (PDF)
Muthengi,Eunice; Erulkar,Annabel S.
Promouvoir la santé, la sécurité et la productivité transitions vers l'âge adulte Bulletin (N 20)
Publication date: 2011
Supporting married girls: Calling attention to a neglected group (PDF)
Santhya,K.G.; Erulkar,Annabel S.
Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief (no. 3)
Publication date: 2011
When girls' lives matter: Ending forced and early marriage in Cameroon (PDF)
Amin,Sajeda; Lynch,Andrea
Quality/Calidad/Qualité (no. 20)
Publication date: 2011
Community based reproductive health (RH) intervention resulted in increasing age at marriage: The case of Berhane Hewan Project, in East Gojam zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia
(abstract) (PDF)
Mekbib,Tekle-Ab; Molla,Mitike
Ethiopian Journal of Reproductive Health 4(1): 16-25
Publication date: 2010
Poverty, marriage timing, and transitions to adulthood in Nepal: A longitudinal analysis using the Nepal Living Standards Survey
(PDF)
Bajracharya,Ashish; Amin,Sajeda
Poverty, Gender, and Youth Working Paper (no. 19)
Publication date: 2010
APHIA II Operations Research Project in Kenya Newsletter, February 2010 (PDF)
Publication date: 2010
Associations between early marriage and young women's marital and reproductive health outcomes: Evidence from India (abstract) (PDF)
Santhya,K.G.; Ram,Usha; Acharya,Rajib; Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Ram,Faujdar; Singh,Abhishek
International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health 36(3): 132-139
Publication date: 2010
Building programs to address child marriage: The Berhane Hewan experience in Ethiopia (PDF)
Muthengi,Eunice; Erulkar,Annabel S.
Publication date: 2010
Éliminer le mariage des enfants : Expérience pilote dans cinq régions du Burkina Faso
Kabore,Gisele; Traore,Kotalama; Dipama,Saidou
Publication date: 2010
L'adolescence des filles au Burkina Faso: Une clé de voûte pour le changement social [Girls' adolescence in Burkina Faso: A pivot point for social change] (PDF)
Brady,Martha; Saloucou,Lydia; Chong,Erica
Publication date: 2010
'Meserete Hiwot' (Base of Life): Supporting married adolescents with HIV prevention and reproductive health in rural Ethiopia (PDF)
Erulkar,Annabel S.; Lamesgin,Aragaw; Muthengi,Eunice
Program Brief, December
Publication date: 2010
The effect of maternal child marriage on morbidity and mortality of children under 5 in India: Cross sectional study of a nationally representative sample (abstract) (HTML)
Raj,Anita; Saggurti,Niranjan; Winter,Michael; Labonte,Alan; Decker,Michele R.; Balaiah,Donta; Silverman,Jay G.
British Medical Journal 340: 353-
Publication date: 2010
Adolescent experience in-depth: Using data to identify and reach the most vulnerable young people (HTML)
Series of 51 data guides by country
Publication date: 2009
Adolescent girls in urban Ethiopia: Vulnerability and opportunity (PDF)
Ferede,Abebaw; Erulkar,Annabel S.
Publication date: 2009
Analyse secondaire des données de l'analyse situationnelle des services de santé de la reproduction (PDF)
Kabore,Gisele; Kabore,Idrissa
Rapport
Publication date: 2009
Cartographie sociale des espaces de rencontres des adolescentes mariées ou non dans la zone d'intervention du projet (PDF)
Kabore,Gisele; Semde,Abdoulaye; Some,Lanko
Rapport
Publication date: 2009
Despite laws, too many girls marry early (PDF)
Population Briefs 15(3)
Publication date: 2009
Directory of programs for rural girls in Ethiopia (PDF)
Kifle,Elshaday; Yilma,Mekuria; Parker,Emil
Publication date: 2009
Empowering married young women in India and improving their sexual and reproductive health (PDF)
Population Briefs 15(2)
Publication date: 2009
Etude qualitative sur le mariage précoce des adolescentes: Leur vécu, leurs besoins en matière d'éducation, de santé de la reproduction et d'opportunités socio-économiques (PDF)
Kabore,Gisele
Rapport
Publication date: 2009
Etude quantitative sur le mariage précoce et le vécu des adolescentes dans la zone d'intervention du projet: Etat des lieux et perspectives (PDF)
Kabore,Gisele; Dala,Rene; Bado,Aristide R.
Rapport
Publication date: 2009
Evaluation of Berhane Hewan: A program to delay child marriage in rural Ethiopia (abstract) (PDF)
Erulkar,Annabel S.; Muthengi,Eunice
International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health 35(1): 6-14
Publication date: 2009
Itinéraires thérapeutiques des adolescentes pendant la grossesse, l'accouchement et la période post-partum dans la zone d'intervention du projet (PDF)
Kabore,Gisele; Tamboura/Diawara,Aicha; Diallo,Assita Nacanabo; Karama,Abdoulaye
Rapport final
Publication date: 2009
Marriage and sexual experience of adolescent girls and women in West Gojam Zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia
Erulkar,Annabel S.; Mekbib,Tekle-Ab; Amdemikael,Helen; Conille,Garry
Ethiopian Journal of Reproductive Health 3(3): 27-33
Publication date: 2009
Prevalence of child marriage and its effect on fertility and fertility-control outcomes of young women in India: A cross-sectional, observational study (abstract)
Raj,Anita; Saggurti,Niranjan; Balaiah,Donta; Silverman,Jay G.
Lancet 373(9678): 1883-1889
Publication date: 2009
Program shown to significantly delay child marriage (PDF)
Population Briefs 15(1)
Publication date: 2009
Terms of marriage and time-use patterns of young wives: Evidence from rural Bangladesh (abstract) (PDF)
Amin,Sajeda; Suran,Luciana
Electronic Journal of Time Use Research 6(1): 92-108
Publication date: 2009
Transition to marriage and parenthood among youth in Jharkhand (PDF) (HTML)
International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS); Population Council
Youth in India: Situation and Needs Policy Brief (no. 8)
Publication date: 2009
"Child marriage in francophone West Africa," fact sheet (PDF)
Publication date: 2008
Early marriage and sexual and reproductive health risks: Experiences of young women and men in Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, India (PDF)
Santhya,K.G.; Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Ghosh,Saswata
Publication date: 2008
Empowering married young women and improving their sexual and reproductive health: Effects of the First-time Parents Project (PDF)
Santhya,K.G.; Haberland,Nicole; Das,Arup; Ram,F.; Sinha,R.K.; Ram,Usha; Mohanty,S.K.
Publication date: 2008
Evaluation of Berhane Hewan: A pilot program to promote education and delay marriage in rural Ethiopia (PDF)
Erulkar,Annabel S.; Muthengi,Eunice
Publication date: 2008
Evaluation of the long-term impact of the TOSTAN programme on the abandonment of FGM/C and early marriage: Results from a qualitative study in Senegal (PDF)
Diop,Nafissatou J.; Moreau,Amadou; Benga,Helene
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2008
Highlighting marital HIV risk and promoting premarital VCT in Nyanza Province, Kenya (PDF)
Ochieng,Ben; Erulkar,Annabel S.
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2008
How early marriage compromises girls' lives, Maharashtra (PDF) (HTML)
International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS); Population Council
Youth in India: Situation and Needs Policy Brief (no. 6)
Publication date: 2008
Improving reproductive health and HIV prevention among married adolescents in Amhara, Ethiopia (PDF)
Erulkar,Annabel S.; Mekbib,Tekle-Ab
FRONTIERS Final Report
Publication date: 2008
Lost girls: The child brides of Afghanistan, Nepal and Ethiopia
Bruce,Judith; Cohen,David Elliott
from What Matters: The World's Preeminent Photojournalists and Thinkers Depict Essential Issues of Our Time
Publication date: 2008
Marriage and childbirth as factors in dropping out from school: An analysis of DHS data from sub-Saharan Africa (abstract)
Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Mensch,Barbara S.
Population Studies 62(1): 1-13
Publication date: 2008
Marriage considerations in sending girls to school in Bangladesh: Some qualitative evidence (PDF)
Amin,Sajeda; Huq,Lopita
Poverty, Gender, and Youth Working Paper (no. 12)
Publication date: 2008
Reforming marriage practices in Bangladesh (PDF)
Amin,Sajeda
Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief (no. 31)
Publication date: 2008
Terms of marriage and time-use patterns of young wives: Evidence from rural Bangladesh (PDF)
Amin,Sajeda; Suran,Luciana
Poverty, Gender, and Youth Working Paper (no. 10)
Publication date: 2008
Bad experiences underlie pregnancy-related dropout (PDF)
Population Briefs 13(3)
Publication date: 2007
Child marriage in the context of the HIV epidemic (PDF)
Bruce,Judith
Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief (no. 11)
Publication date: 2007
Complex role for marriage in HIV risk, studies find (PDF)
Population Briefs 13(1)
Publication date: 2007
Early marriage and HIV/AIDS: Risk factors among young women in India (abstract) (PDF)
Santhya,K.G.; Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.
Economic and Political Weekly 42(14): 1291-1297
Publication date: 2007
Empowering young mothers in India: Results of the First-time Parents Project (PDF)
Santhya,K.G.; Haberland,Nicole
Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief (no. 8)
Publication date: 2007
Girls' adolescence in Burkina Faso: A pivot point for social change (PDF)
Brady,Martha; Saloucou,Lydia; Chong,Erica
Publication date: 2007
The changing context of sexual initiation in sub-Saharan Africa (PDF)
Mensch,Barbara S.
Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief (no. 26)
Publication date: 2007
The experience of married adolescent girls in northern Nigeria (PDF)
Erulkar,Annabel S.; Bello,Mairo
Publication date: 2007
Towards messages that matter: Understanding and addressing HIV and SRH risks among married young people in India (PDF)
Jamshedji-Neogi,Armin; Kapoor,Renu; Kumar,Jayashree; Gandhi,Ashwini Bhalerao; Murthy,Lakshmi; Santhya,K.G.; Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Ghosh,Saswata; Nidadavolu,Vijaya; Haberland,Nicole; Saxena,Komal; Jose,M.A.
Update, (March)
Publication date: 2007
Causes and consequences of early marriage in Bangladesh: Background report for workshop on programs and policies to prevent early marriage
Amin,Sajeda; Selim,Nasheeba; Waiz,Nashid Kamal
Publication date: 2006
Marriage and childbirth as factors in school exit: An analysis of DHS data from sub-Saharan Africa (PDF)
Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Mensch,Barbara S.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 219)
Publication date: 2006
Marriage and motherhood: An exploratory study of the social and reproductive health status of married young women in Gujarat and West Bengal (PDF)
Ram,F.; Sinha,Ranjana; Mohanty,S.K.; Das,Arup; Lakhani,Aruna; Haberland,Nicole; Santhya,K.G.
Publication date: 2006
Meeting the health and social needs of married girls in India: The First Time Parents Project's implementation and reach (PDF)
Update, (October)
Publication date: 2006
Protecting young women from HIV/AIDS: The case against child and adolescent marriage (abstract) (PDF)
Clark,Shelley; Bruce,Judith; Dude,Annie
International Family Planning Perspectives 32(2): 79-88
Publication date: 2006
'She knew only when the garland was put around her neck': Findings from an exploratory study on early marriage in Rajasthan (PDF)
Update, (October)
Publication date: 2006
'She knew only when the garland was put around her neck': Findings from an exploratory study on early marriage in Rajasthan (PDF)
Santhya,K.G.; Haberland,Nicole; Singh,Ajay Kumar
Publication date: 2006
Child marriage briefing: Ethiopia (PDF)
Child Marriage Briefings
Publication date: 2005
Child marriage briefing: Mali (PDF)
Child Marriage Briefings
Publication date: 2005
Child marriage briefing: Mozambique (PDF)
Child Marriage Briefings
Publication date: 2005
Child marriage briefing: Nigeria (PDF)
Child Marriage Briefings
Publication date: 2005
Child marriage briefing: Zambia (PDF)
Child Marriage Briefings
Publication date: 2005
Early marriage and adolescent girls (PDF)
Haberland,Nicole; Chong,Erica; Bracken,Hillary J.; Parker,Chris
YouthLens on Reproductive Health and HIV/AIDS (no. 15)
Publication date: 2005
Knowledge, attitude, and experience of marriage and sexuality among newly married women in Gujarat, India: An exploratory study (abstract)
Khan,M.E.; Barge,Sandhya; Sadhwani,Hemlata; Kale,Giteshwari
International Quarterly of Community Health Education 23(3): 215-251
Publication date: 2005
Marriage in transition: Evidence on age, education, and assets from six developing countries
Quisumbing,Agnes R.; Hallman,Kelly; Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Behrman,Jere R.; Stromquist,Nelly P.; Cohen,Barney
from The Changing Transitions to Adulthood in Developing Countries: Selected Studies, pp. 200-269
Publication date: 2005
Marriage patterns in rural India: Influence of sociocultural context
Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.; Halli,Shiva S.; Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Behrman,Jere R.; Stromquist,Nelly P.; Cohen,Barney
from The Changing Transitions to Adulthood in Developing Countries: Selected Studies, pp. 172-199
Publication date: 2005
Nepal: Support communication to enhance young mothers' reproductive health (PDF)
FRONTIERS OR Summary (no. 51)
Publication date: 2005
The changing context of sexual initiation in sub-Saharan Africa (PDF)
Mensch,Barbara S.; Grant,Monica J.; Blanc,Ann K.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 206)
Publication date: 2005
The transition to marriage
Mensch,Barbara S.; Lloyd,Cynthia B.
from Growing Up Global: The Changing Transitions to Adulthood in Developing Countries, pp. 416-505
Publication date: 2005
Trends in the timing of first marriage among men and women in the developing world (PDF)
Mensch,Barbara S.; Singh,Susheela; Casterline,John B.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 202)
Publication date: 2005
Trends in the timing of first marriage among men and women in the developing world
Mensch,Barbara S.; Singh,Susheela; Casterline,John B.; Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Behrman,Jere R.; Stromquist,Nelly P.; Cohen,Barney
from The Changing Transitions to Adulthood in Developing Countries: Selected Studies, pp. 118-171
Publication date: 2005
A world apart: The disadvantage and social isolation of married adolescent girls (PDF)
Haberland,Nicole; Chong,Erica; Bracken,Hillary J.
Brief based on background paper prepared for the WHO/UNFPA/Population Council Technical Consultation on Married Adolescents
Publication date: 2004
A world apart: The disadvantage and social isolation of married adolescent girls [Arabic] (PDF)
Haberland,Nicole; Chong,Erica; Bracken,Hillary J.
Brief based on background paper prepared for the WHO/UNFPA/Population Council Technical Consultation on Married Adolescents
Publication date: 2004
Does dowry improve life for brides? A test of the bequest theory of dowry in rural Bangladesh (PDF)
Suran,Luciana; Amin,Sajeda; Huq,Lopita; Chowdury,Kobita
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 195)
Publication date: 2004
Les implications du mariage précoce pour les politiques de VIH/SIDA (PDF)
Bruce,Judith; Clark,Shelley
Publication date: 2004
Married adolescents: A review of programmes (PDF)
Graft,Auralice; Haberland,Nicole; Goldberg,Rachel E.
Paper prepared for the WHO/UNFPA/Population Council Technical Consultation on Married Adolescents
Publication date: 2004
Married adolescents: An overview (PDF)
Haberland,Nicole; Chong,Erica; Bracken,Hillary J.
Paper prepared for the WHO/UNFPA/Population Council Technical Consultation on Married Adolescents
Publication date: 2004
Reflection on marriage and sexuality: Experience of newly married men and women in Gujarat, India
Khan,M.E.; Barge,Sandhya; Sadhwani,Hemlata; Kale,Giteshwari; Sharma,Jashoda
Publication date: 2004
The implications of early marriage for HIV/AIDS policy (PDF)
Bruce,Judith; Clark,Shelley
Brief based on background paper prepared for the WHO/UNFPA/Population Council Technical Consultation on Married Adolescents
Publication date: 2004
The implications of early marriage for HIV/AIDS policy [Arabic]
Bruce,Judith; Clark,Shelley
Publication date: 2004
The roles, responsibilities, and realities of married adolescent males and adolescent fathers: A brief literature review (PDF)
Barker,Gary; Lyra,Jorge; Medrado,Benedito
Paper prepared for the WHO/UNFPA/Population Council Technical Consultation on Married Adolescents
Publication date: 2004
Too Young to Be a Mother: A Description of the Lives of Married Adolescent Girls in Egypt
El-Gibaly,Omaima; Lee,Susan M.
Publication date: 2004
Too Young to Be a Mother: A Description of the Lives of Married Adolescent Girls in Egypt [Arabic]
El-Gibaly,Omaima; Lee,Susan M.
Publication date: 2004
A summary of selected DHS data on very young adolescents (PDF) (HTML)
Annex to 'Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey-Statistical tables for program planning'
Publication date: 2003
Adolescents and Youth in Pakistan 2001-2002: A Nationally Representative Survey (PDF)
Sathar,Zeba A.; ul Haque,Minhaj; Faizunnissa,Azeema; Sultana,Munawar; Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Diers,Judith A.; Grant,Monica J.
Publication date: 2003
Improving the reproductive health of adolescents in Kenya
FRONTIERS Project Update (no. 4, April 2003)
Publication date: 2003
Marriage in transition: Evidence on age, education, and assets from six developing countries (PDF)
Quisumbing,Agnes R.; Hallman,Kelly
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 183)
Publication date: 2003
Marriage in transition: Evidence on age, education, and assets from six developing countries [Arabic] (PDF)
Quisumbing,Agnes R.; Hallman,Kelly
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 183)
Publication date: 2003
Married adolescent girls: Human rights, health, and developmental needs of a neglected majority (abstract)
Bruce,Judith
Economic and Political Weekly 38(41): 4378-4380
Publication date: 2003
Selected DHS data on 10-14-year-olds (HTML)
Annexes by country to Facts about Adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey: Statistical Tables for Program Planning
Publication date: 2003
Sexual and reproductive health needs of married adolescent girls (abstract)
Santhya,K.G.; Jejeebhoy,Shireen J.
Economic and Political Weekly 38(41): 4370-4377
Publication date: 2003
Status of married adolescents in Bangladesh
Rob,Ubaidur; Mohammed,Noor; Siddiqua,Yasmin; Mutahara,Marium ul; Talukder,Md.Noorunnabi
Publication date: 2003
The neglected majority: Married adolescents (PDF)
Haberland,Nicole
from Adolescent and Youth Sexual and Reproductive Health: Charting Directions for a Second Generation of Programming-Background Documents for the Meeting, pp. 213-236
Publication date: 2003
Adolescents and youth in Pakistan 2001-2002: A nationally representative survey [Arabic] (PDF)
Publication date: 2002
Improving the reproductive health of adolescents in Kenya
FRONTIERS Project Update (no. 2, March 2002)
Publication date: 2002
Improving the reproductive health of adolescents in Kenya
FRONTIERS Project Update (no. 3, June 2002)
Publication date: 2002
Le mariage pendant l'adolescence est un fait commun pour les filles au Sénégal [Adolescent marriage is a fact of life for girls in Senegal]
Research Summary
Publication date: 2002
Pregnant or positive: Adolescent childbearing and HIV risk in South Africa (PDF)
Rutenberg,Naomi; Kaufman,Carol E.; Macintyre,Kate; Brown,Lisanne; Karim,Ali Mehyrar
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 162)
Publication date: 2002
The effect of gender differences in primary school access, type, and quality on the decision to enroll in rural Pakistan (PDF)
Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Mete,Cem; Sathar,Zeba A.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 164)
Publication date: 2002
Universal sexuality education in Mongolia: Educating today to protect tomorrow (PDF)
Barcelona,Delia; Laski,Laura; Gerdts,Caitlin
Quality/Calidad/Qualité (no. 12)
Publication date: 2002
Determinants of educational attainment among adolescents in Egypt: Does school quality make a difference? (PDF)
Lloyd,Cynthia B.; El Tawila,Sahar; Clark,Wesley H.; Mensch,Barbara S.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 150)
Publication date: 2001
Determinants of educational attainment among adolescents in Egypt: Does school quality make a difference? [Arabic] (PDF)
Lloyd,Cynthia B.; El Tawila,Sahar; Clark,Wesley H.; Mensch,Barbara S.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 150)
Publication date: 2001
Etude pour l'amélioration de la santé de la reproduction des adolescents à Louga et Saint-Louis: Enquête de base [Improving adolescent reproductive health in Louga and Saint-Louis]
Diop,Nafissatou J.
Publication date: 2001
Facts about adolescents from the Demographic and Health Survey: Statistical tables for program planning (HTML)
Series of DHS data tables by country
Publication date: 2001
Improving adolescents' reproductive health in Bangladesh (PDF)
Rob,Ubaidur; Bhuiya,Ismat
Bangladesh Research Update (no. 1)
Publication date: 2001
Improving the reproductive health of adolescents in Kenya, A report on the baseline study in two districts in western Kenya
FRONTIERS Project Update July 2001 (no. 1)
Publication date: 2001
Premarital sex among urban adolescents in Bangladesh (abstract)
Rob,Ubaidur; Mutahara,Marium ul
International Quarterly of Community Health Education 20(1): 103-111
Publication date: 2001
The effects of migration and work on marriage of female garment workers in Bangladesh (abstract)
Naved,Ruchira T.; Newby,Margaret; Amin,Sajeda
International Journal of Population Geography 7(2): 91-104
Publication date: 2001
Adolescent pregnancy and parenthood in South Africa (PDF)
Kaufman,Carol E.; de Wet,Thea; Stadler,Jonathan
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 136)
Publication date: 2000
Schooling opportunities for girls as a stimulus for fertility change in rural Pakistan (PDF)
Sathar,Zeba A.; Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Mete,Cem; ul Haque,Minhaj
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 143)
Publication date: 2000
The effects of schooling incentive programs on household resource allocation in Bangladesh (PDF)
Arends-Kuenning,Mary; Amin,Sajeda
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 133)
Publication date: 2000
The School Environment in Egypt. A Situation Analysis of Public Preparatory Schools
El Tawila,Sahar; Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Mensch,Barbara S.; Wassef,Hind; Gamal,Zeinab; Clark,Wesley H.; Sakr,Rania
Publication date: 2000
The School Environment in Egypt. A Situation Analysis of Public Preparatory Schools [Arabic] (PDF)
El Tawila,Sahar; Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Mensch,Barbara S.; Wassef,Hind; Gamal,Zeinab; Clark,Wesley H.; Sakr,Rania
Publication date: 2000
FRONTIERS adolescent reproductive health project update: Encuesta gente joven [Youth survey] (PDF)
FRONTIERS Project Update (no. 1)
Publication date: 1999
Meeting needs of newly-married youth: The Bangladesh case (abstract)
Alauddinn,Md; Rob,Ubaidur
International Quarterly of Community Health Education 18(4): 459-469
Publication date: 1999
Premarital sex and school dropout in Kenya: Can schools make a difference? (PDF)
Mensch,Barbara S.; Clark,Wesley H.; Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Erulkar,Annabel S.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 124)
Publication date: 1999
The changing nature of adolescence in the Kassena-Nankana District of northern Ghana (abstract) (PDF)
Mensch,Barbara S.; Bagah,Daniel; Clark,Wesley H.; Binka,Fred N.
Studies in Family Planning 30(2): 95-111
Publication date: 1999
The spread of primary schooling in sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for fertility change (PDF)
Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Kaufman,Carol E.; Hewett,Paul C.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 127)
Publication date: 1999
The changing social environment for adolescents in Kassena-Nankana District of northern Ghana: Implications for reproductive behavior (PDF)
Mensch,Barbara S.; Bagah,Daniel; Clark,Wesley H.; Binka,Fred N.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 110)
Publication date: 1998
The effects of primary school quality on the educational participation and attainment of Kenyan girls and boys (PDF)
Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Mensch,Barbara S.; Clark,Wesley H.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 116)
Publication date: 1998
The Uncharted Passage: Girls' Adolescence in the Developing World (PDF)
Mensch,Barbara S.; Bruce,Judith; Greene,Margaret E.
Publication date: 1998
Transition to adulthood of female garment-factory workers in Bangladesh (abstract) (PDF)
Amin,Sajeda; Diamond,Ian; Naved,Ruchira T.; Newby,Margaret
Studies in Family Planning 29(2): 185-200
Publication date: 1998
Empowering the next generation: Girls of the Maqattam garbage settlement (PDF)
Assaad,Marie; Bruce,Judith
SEEDS (no. 19)
Publication date: 1997
Children's schooling in sub-Saharan Africa: The role of fathers, mothers, and others (abstract)
Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Blanc,Ann K.
Population and Development Review 22(2): 265-298
Publication date: 1996
Children's schooling in sub-Saharan Africa: The role of fathers, mothers, and others
Lloyd,Cynthia B.; Blanc,Ann K.
Policy Research Division Working Paper (no. 78)
Publication date: 1995
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